Shiatsu was founded in Japan by Tokujiro Namikoshi in the early 1900s, though initially it was based around Western anatomy and physiology. It was later refined by his student, Shizuto Masunaga, who incorporated traditional Chinese medicine concepts as well as other changes.
While there are many variations of Shiatsu, this form utilizes pressure-based applications of the palms, thumbs, elbows, knees, and feet to various parts of the body, generally focused on the meridians (energetic pathways). A variety of gentle stretches and mobility techniques exist within this form.
Zen Shiatsu is designed to bring about a meditative state, utilizing gentle stretches and range of motion exercises along with the pressure-based techniques. The goal is to tonify and sedate the body as a means of prevention and recovery from illness and dis-ease.
Typical Zen Shiatsu sessions last 60 minutes, though 90-minute sessions can be arranged. The patient is asked to wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing while receiving this form of bodywork. Sessions are traditionally performed on the floor, using a pad, but can be modified for use on the table.